汉语教程 3B Study notes · Level 4 · by 廖明华（4-1班的同学）

（一）谁当家

一yí次cì我wǒ问wèn朋péng友yǒu：“你nǐ们men夫fū妻qī俩liǎ谁shéi当dāng家jiā？”Once I asked a friend, "Which of you two, husband or wife, is the boss at home?"

“当dāng然rán是shì我wǒ当dāng家jiā了le。”"Of course I'm the boss."朋péng友yǒu骄jiāo傲ào地de回huí答dá，“我wǒ们men家jiā有yǒu一yí个gè规guī定dìng，小xiǎo事shì由yóu妻qī子zǐ决jué定dìng，大dà事shì都dōu由yóu我wǒ做zuò主zhǔ。”my friend answered proudly. "We have a rule in our family: small matters are decided by my wife, and big matters are all decided by me."

“哪nǎ些xiē是shì小xiǎo事shì，哪nǎ些xiē算suàn大dà事shì呢ne？”"Which things are small matters, and which count as big ones?"

“小xiǎo事shì就jiù是shì家jiā里lǐ的de经jīng济jì问wèn题tí，比bǐ如rú该gāi买mǎi什shén么me，该gāi做zuò什shén么me，等děng等děng。"Small matters are the family's money issues, for example what we should buy, what we should do, and so on.大dà事shì可kě就jiù多duō了le，比bǐ如rú谁shuí当dāng美měi国guó下xià届jiè总zǒng统tǒng，中zhōng国guó什shén么me时shí候hòu能néng到dào月yuè球qiú上shàng去qù，人rén类lèi怎zěn么me搬bān到dào火huǒ星xīng上shàng去qù住zhù，等děng等děng，这zhè些xiē大dà事shì都dōu由yóu我wǒ考kǎo虑lǜ。”Big matters, now there are lots of those: for example who will be the next US president, when China can get to the moon, how mankind can move to Mars to live, and so on. All these big matters are for me to think about."

（二）讲究卫生

一yì家jiā三sān口kǒu搬bān进jìn了le新xīn房fáng，妻qī子zǐ见jiàn丈zhàng夫fū和hé儿ér子zi不bú太tài讲jiǎng究jiu卫wèi生shēng，常cháng常cháng把bǎ屋wū子zi里lǐ搞gǎo得de乱luàn七qī八bā糟zāo的de，就jiù在zài家jiā里lǐ写xiě了le一yì条tiáo标biāo语yǔ——“讲jiǎng究jiu卫wèi生shēng，人rén人rén有yǒu责zé”，想xiǎng提tí醒xǐng丈zhàng夫fū和hé儿ér子zi讲jiǎng究jiu卫wèi生shēng。A family of three moved into a new home. The wife saw that her husband and son didn't care much about cleanliness and often left the rooms in a mess, so she wrote a slogan at home, "Keeping clean is everyone's responsibility," hoping to remind them to keep things clean.儿ér子zi放fàng学xué回huí家jiā，见jiàn了le标biāo语yǔ，拿ná起qǐ笔bǐ来lái，把bǎ标biāo语yǔ改gǎi成chéng了le“讲jiǎng究jiu卫wèi生shēng，大dà人rén有yǒu责zé”。When the son came home from school and saw the slogan, he picked up a pen and changed it to "Keeping clean is the grown-ups' responsibility."第dì二èr天tiān，丈zhàng夫fū见jiàn了le，也yě拿ná出chū笔bǐ来lái，把bǎ标biāo语yǔ改gǎi成chéng了le“讲jiǎng究jiu卫wèi生shēng，夫fū人rén有yǒu责zé”。The next day the husband saw it, also took out a pen, and changed it to "Keeping clean is the wife's responsibility."

（三）修门铃

张zhāng太tài太tài家jiā的de门mén铃líng坏huài了le，给gěi物wù业yè公gōng司sī打dǎ电diàn话huà，负fù责zé人rén说shuō马mǎ上shàng派pài工gōng人rén去qù修xiū，并bìng问wèn了le张zhāng太tài太tài家jiā的de住zhù址zhǐ。Mrs. Zhang's doorbell was broken, so she called the property management company. The person in charge said he would send a worker right away to fix it, and asked for her address.修xiū理lǐ工gōng按àn照zhào住zhù址zhǐ，很hěn快kuài骑qí车chē去qù了le，但dàn是shì不bù一yí会huì儿r就jiù回huí来lái了le。Following the address, the repairman quickly rode off on his bike, but came back very soon.负fù责zé人rén看kàn见jiàn修xiū理lǐ工gōng，就jiù说shuō：“这zhè么me快kuài就jiù修xiū好hǎo了le？”When the person in charge saw him, he said, "Fixed it so fast?"修xiū理lǐ工gōng说shuō：“不bú是shì，我wǒ去qù了le他tā们men家jiā，可kě是shì在zài门mén口kǒu按àn了le半bàn天tiān门mén铃líng，也yě没méi有yǒu人rén出chū来lái开kāi门mén，所suǒ以yǐ我wǒ只zhǐ好hǎo回huí来lái了le。”The repairman said, "No. I went to their home, but I pressed the doorbell at the door for ages and nobody came to open it, so I had no choice but to come back."

（四）好问的医生

前qián几jǐ天tiān，我wǒ和hé同tóng学xué踢tī球qiú的de时shí候hòu受shòu伤shāng了le，就jiù去qù校xiào医yī院yuàn看kàn。A few days ago I got hurt while playing football with classmates, so I went to the campus hospital.没méi想xiǎng到dào，碰pèng到dào一yí个gè慢màn性xìng子zi而ér且qiě爱ài问wèn为wèi什shén么me的de医yī生shēng。Unexpectedly, I ran into a doctor who was slow-tempered and loved to ask "why."

医yī生shēng瞧qiáo了le我wǒ一yì眼yǎn，问wèn道dào：“怎zěn么me了le？”The doctor glanced at me and asked, "What's wrong?"我wǒ说shuō：“刚gāng才cái踢tī球qiú的de时shí候hòu小xiǎo腿tuǐ被bèi人rén踢tī伤shāng了le，现xiàn在zài疼téng得de很hěn，麻má烦fán大dài夫fu给gěi我wǒ看kàn一yí下xià儿r吧ba。”I said, "Just now while playing football someone kicked my lower leg and hurt it. It really hurts now. Could you please take a look, doctor?"医yī生shēng似sì乎hū并bìng不bù着zháo急jí查chá看kàn我wǒ的de伤shāng腿tuǐ，而ér是shì若ruò有yǒu所suǒ思sī地de问wèn我wǒ：“操cāo场chǎng上shàng那nà么me多duō人rén，人rén家jiā为wèi什shén么me只zhǐ踢tī你nǐ呢ne？”The doctor didn't seem in any hurry to examine my injured leg. Instead, as if deep in thought, he asked me, "There were so many people on the field. Why did he kick only you?"“因yīn为wèi他tā想xiǎng射shè门mén，我wǒ去qù挡dǎng他tā，结jié果guǒ就jiù被bèi他tā踢tī了le。”"Because he wanted to shoot at the goal and I went to block him, so I got kicked."我wǒ咬yǎo着zhe牙yá，强qiǎng忍rěn着zhe伤shāng痛tòng解jiě释shì道dào。I explained, gritting my teeth and forcing myself to bear the pain.医yī生shēng又yòu不bù紧jǐn不bú慢màn地de问wèn：“那nà你nǐ干gàn吗má要yào挡dǎng他tā呢ne？”The doctor then asked, unhurried, "So why did you want to block him?"听tīng他tā这zhè么me一yí问wèn，我wǒ有yǒu些xiē晕yūn，只zhǐ好hǎo回huí答dá说shuō：“我wǒ们men在zài比bǐ赛sài，我wǒ不bù挡dǎng他tā，他tā就jiù要yào进jìn球qiú了le。”Hearing that question, I was a little dazed and could only answer, "We were playing a match. If I didn't block him, he would have scored."这zhè回huí医yī生shēng似sì乎hū听tīng明míng白bái了le怎zěn么me回huí事shì。This time the doctor seemed to understand what had happened.可kě谁shuí料liào，他tā又yòu冲chòng我wǒ问wèn道dào：“他tā进jìn球qiú就jiù进jìn球qiú吧ba，你nǐ这zhè样yàng受shòu伤shāng值zhí得de吗ma？”But who would have guessed, he asked me again, "If he scores, let him score. Was it worth getting hurt like this?"这zhè下xià我wǒ彻chè底dǐ无wú话huà可kě说shuō了le。At that point I was left completely speechless.

（五）解词

吕lǚ教jiào授shòu对duì汉hàn字zì很hěn有yǒu研yán究jiū。Professor Lü was an expert on Chinese characters.一yì天tiān上shàng课kè时shí，他tā兴xìng致zhì勃bó勃bó地de给gěi学xué生shēng讲jiǎng：“汉hàn字zì有yǒu很hěn多duō象xiàng形xíng字zì，比bǐ如rú我wǒ这zhè个ge‘吕lǚ’字zì，在zài古gǔ代dài是shì接jiē吻wěn的de意yì思si，你nǐ们men看kàn，口kǒu对duì口kǒu，多duō形xíng象xiàng！”One day in class he enthusiastically told the students, "Many Chinese characters are pictographs. Take my character 吕, for example. In ancient times it meant 'to kiss'. Look: mouth to mouth. How vivid!"一yí个gè学xué生shēng站zhàn起qǐ来lái问wèn：“老lǎo师shī，要yào是shì‘吕lǚ’字zì是shì接jiē吻wěn的de意yì思si，那nà么me‘品pǐn’字zì又yòu怎zěn么me解jiě释shì呢ne？是shì三sān个gè人rén一yì起qǐ接jiē吻wěn吗ma？”A student stood up and asked, "Professor, if 吕 means 'to kiss', then how do you explain 品? Three people kissing together?"

教jiào授shòu正zhèng想xiǎng发fā火huǒ，又yòu有yǒu一yí个gè学xué生shēng站zhàn起qǐ来lái说shuō：“我wǒ看kàn‘品pǐn’字zì还hái好hǎo解jiě释shì，‘器qì’字zì呢ne？四sì个gè人rén和hé一yì只zhī狗gǒu在zài干gàn什shén么me呢ne？”Just as the professor was about to lose his temper, another student stood up and said, "I think 品 is still easy to explain. What about 器? What are four people and a dog doing?"全quán班bān同tóng学xué顿dùn时shí哈hā哈hā大dà笑xiào起qǐ来lái。The whole class instantly burst out laughing.

吕lǚ教jiào授shòu把bǎ书shū一yì摔shuāi，气qì呼hū呼hū地de提tí起qǐ包bāo走zǒu了le。Professor Lü slammed down his book, grabbed his bag in a huff, and left.